Spondylolisthesis is the abnormal movement of a vertebrae in relation to the vertebrae under it. This movement can be forward or backward. Most often it occurs at the lumbar level, due to the increased weight that the spine supports here. The fifth lumbar vertebrae is most commonly affected.

The management of this disease starts with physical therapy and a medical treatment of anti-inflammatory drugs. However, spondylolisthesis with stenosis is one of the most common conditions that require surgery in order to avoid harm to the spine.

Surgical treatment needs to be adapted to each case. The most common treatments are TLIF, ALIF and PLIF.